Industry: Difference between revisions
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'''Lindleys''' | '''Lindleys''' | ||
==Water Power in Luddenden Dean== | [https://www.gracesguide.co.uk/C._Lindley_and_Co| Lindley's Nut and Bolt works] | ||
=='''Water Power in Luddenden Dean'''== | |||
The first recorded use | The first recorded use of a water wheel in Luddenden Dean was in 1274 in the Wakefield Manorial Rolls. This was for a Cornmill | ||
==Fulling Mills== | =='''Fulling Mills'''== | ||
The other early use for waterpower in the valley would have been for fulling. Fulling is a process used to remove oil and impurities from a newly woven fabric. It also shrank the fabric and helps the fibres to felt together to make a tighter, warmer and more water-resistant cloth. | The other early use for waterpower in the valley would have been for fulling and this was mentioned in. Fulling is a process used to remove oil and impurities from a newly woven fabric. It also shrank the fabric and helps the fibres to felt together to make a tighter, warmer and more water-resistant cloth. | ||
The fulling process was originally done by placing the cloth is a tub of water and for people to ‘walk’ on it (not an unsimilar technique to pressing grapes). Urine was often used to aid the fulling process, later Fuller’s Earth (Aluminium Silicate) was used to absorb the oils in the woollen cloth. In Scotland the process was known as ‘Waukin’, sometimes the process was done on a wetted board or table top with a group of women sat around the table. They would arrange the length of cloth around the table and would each use their hands to ’wauk’ the cloth, twisting and turning it as they sang a ‘waukin’ song to keep their actions in unison. | The fulling process was originally done by placing the cloth is a tub of water and for people to ‘walk’ on it (not an unsimilar technique to pressing grapes). Urine was often used to aid the fulling process, later Fuller’s Earth (Aluminium Silicate) was used to absorb the oils in the woollen cloth. In Scotland the process was known as ‘Waukin’, sometimes the process was done on a wetted board or table top with a group of women sat around the table. They would arrange the length of cloth around the table and would each use their hands to ’wauk’ the cloth, twisting and turning it as they sang a ‘waukin’ song to keep their actions in unison. | ||
In a fulling mills, the power of the water wheel was used to lift and drop large wooden mallets into wooden vat containing the cloth. Both the mallets and the vats had rounded edges so as not to damage the cloth. | In a fulling mills, the power of the water wheel was used to lift and drop large wooden mallets into wooden vat containing the cloth. Both the mallets and the vats had rounded edges so as not to damage the cloth. | ||
==Paper Mills== | =='''Paper Mills'''== | ||
Paper mills use the similar hammers to a fulling mill to pulp cotton rags which once dispersed in water would be used to make sheets of paper on a wire screen. Cotton makes a much better, longer lasting paper than wood pulp paper which was developed in the 1840's. Wood pulp paper tends to yellow on ageing, so legal documents and other documents that need a long life are still made using Cotton based paper.. | Paper mills use the similar hammers to a fulling mill to pulp cotton rags which once dispersed in water would be used to make sheets of paper on a wire screen. Cotton makes a much better, longer lasting paper than wood pulp paper which was developed in the 1840's. Wood pulp paper tends to yellow on ageing, so legal documents and other documents that need a long life are still made using Cotton based paper.. | ||
Revision as of 10:29, 25 January 2025
Oats Royd Mill
Established in 1847 by John Murgatroyd
The mill was closed in 1982
Lindleys
Water Power in Luddenden Dean
The first recorded use of a water wheel in Luddenden Dean was in 1274 in the Wakefield Manorial Rolls. This was for a Cornmill
Fulling Mills
The other early use for waterpower in the valley would have been for fulling and this was mentioned in. Fulling is a process used to remove oil and impurities from a newly woven fabric. It also shrank the fabric and helps the fibres to felt together to make a tighter, warmer and more water-resistant cloth. The fulling process was originally done by placing the cloth is a tub of water and for people to ‘walk’ on it (not an unsimilar technique to pressing grapes). Urine was often used to aid the fulling process, later Fuller’s Earth (Aluminium Silicate) was used to absorb the oils in the woollen cloth. In Scotland the process was known as ‘Waukin’, sometimes the process was done on a wetted board or table top with a group of women sat around the table. They would arrange the length of cloth around the table and would each use their hands to ’wauk’ the cloth, twisting and turning it as they sang a ‘waukin’ song to keep their actions in unison. In a fulling mills, the power of the water wheel was used to lift and drop large wooden mallets into wooden vat containing the cloth. Both the mallets and the vats had rounded edges so as not to damage the cloth.
Paper Mills
Paper mills use the similar hammers to a fulling mill to pulp cotton rags which once dispersed in water would be used to make sheets of paper on a wire screen. Cotton makes a much better, longer lasting paper than wood pulp paper which was developed in the 1840's. Wood pulp paper tends to yellow on ageing, so legal documents and other documents that need a long life are still made using Cotton based paper..
As a lot of the early mills in the valley originally made cotton cloth, it was an obvious place to also site a paper mill to utilise all the cotton scraps.
General information on mills as a source of power